![]() It was created by Weishaupt in Germany, who wanted to have a group where people could have discussions about secularism (Bergara & Medej, 2016). Another reason people believe that the Illuminati exists is because it did exist in the past (Santoro, 2018). For instance, there are certain symbols such as the Eye of Horus and pyramid (both on US currency), and when people see this in popular media, they believe it is evidence for that company/organization’s involvement in the Illuminati (Hahn, 2018). There are many different forms of evidence that people use to justify the existence of the Illuminati. The idea that there is a group who will control everything defies the Founding Fathers’ wishes of freedom for citizens-what our country is founded on. As far as we are taught, different countries have different governments, and America especially has safeguards against authoritarianism. This theory is extraordinary because its claims are extraordinary-they go against everything we know about our world currently. Information about the illuminati is heavily prevalent on the conspiracy theories section of Youtube, in documentaries, and on websites such as This theory enjoys popularity today, as most people are somewhat aware of the Illuminati, even if they don’t believe in it. There are many different theories as to who runs the illuminati, but the general consensus is that celebrities and government officials alike are part of it. There also seems to be a link with conservative beliefs, as many conservatives are unhappy with the amount of involvement of the government in private affairs. According to a survey done about the Illuminati, 23% of Americans believe in the Illuminati and New World Order (Bergara & Medej, 2016). This “New World Order,” so named, involves a single government (made up of Illuminati members) that would rule over the entire planet. The paper, “Earth history and the passerine superradiation,” is available in the current PNAS: Īdditional coverage can be found on ApASPPH Friday Letter.Someone who is a proponent of the Illuminati conspiracy theory believes that there is an elite and secret organization called the “Illuminati” who is seeking to create a dominant world totalitarian government (Bergara & Medej, 2016). Scientists can employ the methods used here to identify unknown members of any species, including bacteria, says Glenn, who is now leveraging these DNA tools in studies ranging from bacterial communities in healthcare settings to ticks and tick-borne diseases. When you’re doing comparisons among different species, you will have chunks of DNA that you can line up, so that you’re comparing apples to apples,” he said. “It’s a way of pulling out repeatable portions of a genome. ![]() The unique benefit of this DNA technology, says Glenn, is not only does it make it feasible to use the same set of genetic markers for studies on thousands of species, but it also allows scientists to compare genomes across species. We want to know how and why they were able to diversify so rapidly.” “Passerines are the most species-diverse group of birds,” said Glenn, “and that diversity has happened relatively recently in evolutionary time. The tools they developed enabled them to answer longstanding questions about the evolution of various bird species. Glenn and Faircloth began developing the DNA technology used in the current study when Faircloth was a doctoral student at UGA. This project has been ten years in the making, says co-author Travis Glenn, an associate professor of environmental health science at the UGA College of Public Health. “By sequencing DNA from these invaluable specimens using new technologies, we can begin to understand how species evolved over the course of millions of years at a resolution that is unprecedented,” said co-author Brant Faircloth, an assistant professor in the LSU Department of Biological Sciences and alumnus of the University of Georgia. Using these samples, they extracted and sequenced thousands of pieces of DNA representing all passerine families, and they used these sequence data to understand when and how passerines diversified in relation to Earth’s history. Researchers at Louisiana State University, the University of Georgia and 25 institutions from around the world accomplished the massive project using samples from 221 bird specimens from 48 countries. The study, published today in PNAS, is the most comprehensive work to date on passerine evolution. Scientists have reconstructed the tree of life for all major lineages of perching birds, also known as passerines, a large and diverse group of more than 6,000 species that includes familiar birds like cardinals, warblers, jays, and sparrows.
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